You are watching: Name the following binary ionic compounds
Names that Binary ionic Compounds
After learning a couple of more details about the name of separation, personal, instance ions, you will be a step away from knowing just how to name ionic compounds. This section begins the formal study of nomenclature, the methodical naming of rewildtv.comistry compounds.
Naming Ions
The name of a monatomic cation is simply the surname of the facet followed by the word ion. Thus, Na+ is the salt ion, Al3+ is the aluminum ion, Ca2+ is the calcium ion, and also so forth.
We have seen the some elements lose various numbers the electrons, creating ions of various charges (Figure 4.4.1) . Iron, because that example, can kind two cations, each of which, when merged with the same anion, provides a different compound with distinctive physical and also rewildtv.comical properties. Thus, we need a various name for each iron ion to distinguish Fe2+ from Fe3+. The same concern arises for other ions with much more than one possible charge.
There space two means to make this distinction. In the simpler, more modern-day approach, referred to as the Stock device (Table (PageIndex1)), an ion’s hopeful charge is suggested by a roman character in parentheses after ~ the element name, adhered to by the word ion. Thus, Fe2+ is called the iron(II) ion, when Fe3+ is called the iron(III) ion. This system is offered only for aspects that type more than one usual positive ion. We carry out not speak to the Na+ ion the sodium(I) ion because (I) is unnecessary. Sodium develops only a 1+ ion, so over there is no ambiguity around the surname sodium ion.
| iron | ferr- | 2+ | iron(II) ion | ferrous ion |
| 3+ | iron(III) ion | ferric ion | ||
| copper | cupr- | 1+ | copper(I) ion | cuprous ion |
| 2+ | copper(II) ion | cupric ion | ||
| tin | stann- | 2+ | tin(II) ion | stannous ion |
| 4+ | tin(IV) ion | stannic ion | ||
| lead | plumb- | 2+ | lead(II) ion | plumbous ion |
| 4+ | lead(IV) ion | plumbic ion | ||
| chromium | chrom- | 2+ | chromium(II) ion | chromous ion |
| 3+ | chromium(III) ion | chromic ion | ||
| gold | aur- | 1+ | gold(I) ion | aurous ion |
| 3+ | gold(III) ion | auric ion |
The 2nd system, dubbed the common system, is not conventional but is still prevalent and used in the wellness sciences. This mechanism recognizes that numerous metals have actually two usual cations. The common system uses two suffixes (-ic and -ous) that space appended come the stem the the element name. The -ic suffix to represent the better of the 2 cation charges, and also the -ous suffix to represent the reduced one. In plenty of cases, the stem the the aspect name originates from the Latin surname of the element. Table (PageIndex1) perform the elements that usage the usual system, along with their particular cation names.
| F− | fluoride ion |
| Cl− | chloride ion |
| Br− | bromide ion |
| I− | iodide ion |
| O2− | oxide ion |
| S2− | sulfide ion |
| P3− | phosphide ion |
| N3− | nitride ion |
The surname of a monatomic anion is composed of the stem the the aspect name, the suffix -ide, and also then the word ion. Thus, as we have currently seen, Cl− is “chlor-” + “-ide ion,” or the chloride ion. Similarly, O2− is the oxide ion, Se2− is the selenide ion, and so forth. Table (PageIndex2) perform the surname of some usual monatomic ions.
Example (PageIndex1)
Name every ion.
Ca2+ S2− Cu+Solution
the calcium ion the sulfide ion the copper(I) ion or the cuprous ionExercise (PageIndex1)
Name every ion.
Fe2+ Fe3+ Ba2+ Answer a: iron(II) ion Answer b: iron(III) ion Answer c: barium ionExample (PageIndex2)
Write the formula because that each ion.
the bromide ion the cupric ion the magnesium ionSolution
Br− Cu2+ Mg2+Exercise (PageIndex2)
Write the formula for each ion.
the fluoride ion the stannous ion the potassium ion Answer a: F- Answer b: Sn 2+ Answer c: K+Naming Binary Ionic Compounds through a steel that develops Only One kind of Cation
Now that us know just how to name ions, us are prepared to surname ionic compounds. A binary ionic link is a compound composed of a monatomic metal cation and a monatomic nonmetal anion. The steel cation is named first, followed by the nonmetal anion as illustrated in figure (PageIndex1) for the compound BaCl2. The word ion is dropped indigenous both parts.
Subscripts in the formula execute not influence the name.
Naming Binary Ionic Compounds with a metal That Forms an ext Than One type of Cation
If girlfriend are provided a formula because that an ionic link whose cation have the right to have much more than one feasible charge, girlfriend must first determine the charge on the cation prior to identifying its correct name. For example, think about FeCl2 and also FeCl3 . In the first compound, the stole ion has actually a 2+ charge since there space two Cl− ions in the formula (1− fee on every chloride ion). In the second compound, the stole ion has a 3+ charge, as indicated by the 3 Cl− ions in the formula. These room two various compounds that require two various names. Through the stock system, the names are iron(II) chloride and also iron(III) chloride (Figure (PageIndex2)).
| Name of cation (metal) + (Roman numeral in parenthesis) + Base surname of anion (nonmetal) and also -ide | |
 |  |
If we were to use the stems and also suffixes the the typical system, the names would certainly be ferrous chloride and also ferric chloride, dong (Figure (PageIndex3)) .
| "Old" base name of cation (metal) and -ic or -ous + Base surname of anion (nonmetal) and also -ide | |
| -ous (for ions with reduced charge)  | -ic (for ion with higher charge)  |
Exercise (PageIndex4)
Name every ionic compound.
AuCl3 PbO2 CuO Answer a: gold(III) chloride Answer b: lead(IV) oxide Answer c: copper(II) oxideFigure (PageIndex4) is a synopsis of just how to name straightforward ionic compounds.
Exercise (PageIndex5)
Name each ionic compound.
ZnBr2 Al2O3 AuF3 AgF Answer a: zinc bromide Answer b: aluminum oxide Answer c: gold(III) fluoride or auric fluoride Answer d: silver- fluorideWriting formulas of Ionic Compounds
Ionic compounds execute not exist as molecules. In the solid state, ionic compounds space in crystal lattice containing countless ions each of the cation and also anion. An ionic formula, favor (ceNaCl), is an empirical formula. This formula merely suggests that sodium chloride is made of one equal number of sodium and also chloride ions. Salt sulfide, one more ionic compound, has the formula (ceNa_2S). This formula indicates that this link is consisted of of twice as countless sodium ions as sulfide ions. This section will teach you exactly how to uncover the correct ratio of ions, so the you deserve to write a exactly formula.
If you know the surname of a binary ionic compound, you have the right to write the rewildtv.comical formula. Begin by writing the metal ion with its charge, followed by the nonmetal ion through its charge. Because the in its entirety compound must be electrically neutral, decision how many of every ion is needed in order for the optimistic and an adverse charge come cancel each various other out.
Example (PageIndex5): Aluminum Nitride and also Lithium Oxide
Write the formula because that aluminum nitride and lithium oxide.
Solution
| 1. Compose the symbol and charge of the cation (metal) very first and the anion (nonmetal) second. | (ceAl^3+ : : : : : ceN^3-) | (ceLi^+ : : : : : ceO^2-) |
| 2. Use a multiplier to make the full charge of the cations and also anions equal to each other. | total fee of cations = full charge the anions 1(3+) = 1(3-) +3 = -3 | total charge of cations = full charge the anions 2(1+) = 1(2-) +2 = -2 |
| 3. Usage the multipliers together subscript for each ion. | (ceAl_1N_1) | (ceLi_2O_1) |
| 4. Write the last formula. Leave the end all charges and also all subscripts that space 1. | (ceAlN) | (ceLi_2O) |
Example (PageIndex6): The Crisscross an approach for command (IV) oxide
Write the formula because that lead (IV) oxide.
Solution
| 1. Write the symbol and also charge that the cation (metal) first and the anion (nonmetal) second. | (cePb^4+ : : : : : ceO^2-) |
| 2. Transpose only the variety of the confident charge to come to be the subscript of the anion and also the number just of the an unfavorable charge to end up being the subscript that the cation. |  |
| 3. Mitigate to the lowest ratio. | This action is no necessary. See more: How Long Is A Quarter In The Nfl Games, How Long Does A Football Game Really Last |
| 4. Create the last formula. Leave out all every subscripts that are 1. | (ceNa_2S) |